2018 Publications
The Dark Triad and Attitudes toward Academic Cheating
Mónica E. Muñoz and Irene Garcia
Texas A&M International University
The current study examined the relationship between the Dark Triad of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy) and attitudes toward academic cheating. While past research has linked personality traits, including the dark traits, to dishonest academic behaviors, little research has focused on attitudes toward cheating. During an anonymous online survey, a sample of undergraduate college students indicated their endorsement of statements both tolerant and condemnatory of academic cheating on the Attitude toward Cheating Scale (ATC; Gardner & Melvin, 1988) and completed the Short Dark Triad (SD3; Paulhus, 2013; Jones & Paulhus, 2014). Multiple regression analysis was used to predict tolerance of academic cheating from Dark Triad scores, and results indicated that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were significant predictors, while narcissism was not. Additional analyses included an examination of gender differences and relations to GP.
Mónica E. Muñoz and Irene Garcia
Texas A&M International University
The current study examined the relationship between the Dark Triad of personality (Machiavellianism, narcissism and psychopathy) and attitudes toward academic cheating. While past research has linked personality traits, including the dark traits, to dishonest academic behaviors, little research has focused on attitudes toward cheating. During an anonymous online survey, a sample of undergraduate college students indicated their endorsement of statements both tolerant and condemnatory of academic cheating on the Attitude toward Cheating Scale (ATC; Gardner & Melvin, 1988) and completed the Short Dark Triad (SD3; Paulhus, 2013; Jones & Paulhus, 2014). Multiple regression analysis was used to predict tolerance of academic cheating from Dark Triad scores, and results indicated that Machiavellianism and psychopathy were significant predictors, while narcissism was not. Additional analyses included an examination of gender differences and relations to GP.
| The Dark Triad and Attitudes toward Academic Cheating |
Why Not Both? Assessing Bias Toward Bisexuality
Jacob Jardel and J. Adam Randell
University of Central Oklahoma
Jeffrey L. Seger
Cameron University
While visibility of the queer community has increased in recent years, the bisexual community continues to lack the publicity their lesbian, gay, and transgender counterparts see (Seidman, 2010). This lack of visibility, in part, leads many to propagate myths about bisexuality and its various forms of non-existence (Denizet-Lewis, 2014; Diamond, 2008; Schwartz & Kempner, 2015). While some research has found that those in the queer community hold ambivalent views toward bisexual individuals (Burke & LaFrance, 2015), few studies have examined the mechanisms that generate such ambivalent impressions. Drawing inspiration from the stereotype content model (SCM; Cuddy, Fiske, & Glick, 2008), we predicted and found that warmth mediated the relationship between participants’ sexuality and how likable they found a bisexual target to be, such that bisexual participants held more positive attitudes toward bisexual targets than did non-bisexual participants due in part to participants’ impressions of the bisexual target’s warmth.
Jacob Jardel and J. Adam Randell
University of Central Oklahoma
Jeffrey L. Seger
Cameron University
While visibility of the queer community has increased in recent years, the bisexual community continues to lack the publicity their lesbian, gay, and transgender counterparts see (Seidman, 2010). This lack of visibility, in part, leads many to propagate myths about bisexuality and its various forms of non-existence (Denizet-Lewis, 2014; Diamond, 2008; Schwartz & Kempner, 2015). While some research has found that those in the queer community hold ambivalent views toward bisexual individuals (Burke & LaFrance, 2015), few studies have examined the mechanisms that generate such ambivalent impressions. Drawing inspiration from the stereotype content model (SCM; Cuddy, Fiske, & Glick, 2008), we predicted and found that warmth mediated the relationship between participants’ sexuality and how likable they found a bisexual target to be, such that bisexual participants held more positive attitudes toward bisexual targets than did non-bisexual participants due in part to participants’ impressions of the bisexual target’s warmth.
| Why Not Both? Assessing Bias Toward Bisexuality |
Exploring Egoistic versus Altruistic Motives for Helping Another in an Embarrassing
Situation
Lara K. Ault and Tammy Lowery Zacchilli
Saint Leo University
People experience pratfalls. Most individuals can recount with vivid detail situations in which their competence or appearance was compromised but only realized it later on their own, perhaps by looking in the mirror. Preventative Face-Saving (PFS) is the act of informing someone about an embarrassing predicament that person is unwittingly experiencing in order to protect that person from future embarrassment in front of a larger or more important audience (Ault & Cunningham, 1999). The present study used Structural Equation Modeling of scenario responses to test altruistic versus egoistic motivations for helping in both high and low embarrassment situations. This study compared two models of motivations for helping in embarrassing situations based on responses from 143 participants who read scenarios involving high- and low-level embarrassing predicaments in which they had the opportunity to indicate their likelihood of helping on a 1-9 scale, with 1 = not at all and 9=very likely. Results support egoistic motivations, such as one’s own embarrassment at helping and the extent to which one would want to receive help in the situation, in high embarrassment situations. Results further point to avoidance of guilt as a major motivator in this type of helping regardless of the level of embarrassment
Situation
Lara K. Ault and Tammy Lowery Zacchilli
Saint Leo University
People experience pratfalls. Most individuals can recount with vivid detail situations in which their competence or appearance was compromised but only realized it later on their own, perhaps by looking in the mirror. Preventative Face-Saving (PFS) is the act of informing someone about an embarrassing predicament that person is unwittingly experiencing in order to protect that person from future embarrassment in front of a larger or more important audience (Ault & Cunningham, 1999). The present study used Structural Equation Modeling of scenario responses to test altruistic versus egoistic motivations for helping in both high and low embarrassment situations. This study compared two models of motivations for helping in embarrassing situations based on responses from 143 participants who read scenarios involving high- and low-level embarrassing predicaments in which they had the opportunity to indicate their likelihood of helping on a 1-9 scale, with 1 = not at all and 9=very likely. Results support egoistic motivations, such as one’s own embarrassment at helping and the extent to which one would want to receive help in the situation, in high embarrassment situations. Results further point to avoidance of guilt as a major motivator in this type of helping regardless of the level of embarrassment
| Exploring Egoistic versus Altruistic Motives for Helping Another in an Embarrassing Situation |
The Role of Mood, Arousal, and Encoding Strategy in Verbal Memory
Leilani B. Goodmon, Kelsey C. Bacharz, Alyssa Parisi, and Megan Osborne
Florida Southern College
The purpose of this study was to induce different moods/arousal levels using positive or negative stimuli (auditory, visual) to determine the impact on the use of specific encoding strategies and verbal memory performance. Despite elevated moods and arousal levels in the positive conditions, there was no memory difference between participants in the positive image over the negative image condition. Furthermore, only those in the positive auditory condition exhibited a memory advantage over those in the negative auditory condition (medium effect size, only marginally significant). Importantly, participants in the positive auditory condition had the highest rates of more effective encoding strategies, while participants in the negative auditory condition had the lowest rates of more effective encoding strategies. Thus, encoding strategy appeared to mediate the effect of mood and arousal on memory. The results imply that it is important to include assessments of encoding strategies when researching the relationship between mood, arousal, and memory.
Leilani B. Goodmon, Kelsey C. Bacharz, Alyssa Parisi, and Megan Osborne
Florida Southern College
The purpose of this study was to induce different moods/arousal levels using positive or negative stimuli (auditory, visual) to determine the impact on the use of specific encoding strategies and verbal memory performance. Despite elevated moods and arousal levels in the positive conditions, there was no memory difference between participants in the positive image over the negative image condition. Furthermore, only those in the positive auditory condition exhibited a memory advantage over those in the negative auditory condition (medium effect size, only marginally significant). Importantly, participants in the positive auditory condition had the highest rates of more effective encoding strategies, while participants in the negative auditory condition had the lowest rates of more effective encoding strategies. Thus, encoding strategy appeared to mediate the effect of mood and arousal on memory. The results imply that it is important to include assessments of encoding strategies when researching the relationship between mood, arousal, and memory.
| The Role of Mood, Arousal, and Encoding Strategy in Verbal Memory |